Intel’s newest line of desktop processors bring with them a number of changes designed to sway favor with performance enthusiasts. These new parts bring Intel’s consumer processors up to eight cores, with higher frequencies, better thermal connectivity, and extra hardware security updates for Spectre and Meltdown. The only catch is that you’re going to need a large wallet and a big cooler: both price and power consumption hit new highs this time around.

Coffee Lake Refresh: A Refresher

Our coverage of Intel’s announcement last week went into detail about the three new processors being launched today.  But here’s a quick reminder of the latest silicon in the market.

Today, three CPUs are being launched: the 8-core Core i9-9900K capable of hitting 5.0 GHz out of the box, an 8-core Core i7-9700K that’s a bit cheaper, and a 6-core Core i5-9600K that on paper looks like it could be a killer purchase.

Intel 9th Gen Core
AnandTech Cores TDP Freq L3 L3 Per
Core
DRAM
DDR4
iGPU iGPU
Turbo
Core i9-9900K $488* 8 / 16 95 W 3.6 / 5.0 16 MB 2.0 MB 2666 GT2 1200
Core i7-9700K $374* 8 / 8 95 W 3.6 / 4.9 12 MB 1.5 MB 2666 GT2 1200
Core i5-9600K $262* 6 / 6 95 W 3.7 / 4.6 9 MB 1.5 MB 2666 GT2 1150
8th Gen
Core i7-8086K $425 6 / 12 95 W 4.0 / 5.0 12 MB 2 MB 2666 24 EUs 1200
Core i7-8700K $359 6 / 12 95 W 3.7 / 4.7 12 MB 2 MB 2666 24 EUs 1200
Core i5-8600K $258 6 / 6 95 W 3.6 / 4.3 9 MB 1.5 MB 2666 24 EUs 1150
Core i3-8350K $179 4 / 4 91 W 4.0 8 MB 2 MB 2400 24 EUs 1150
Pentium G5600 $93 2 / 4 54 W 3.9 4 MB 2 MB 2400 24 EUs 1100
* This is SEP, or 1k unit price. MSRP is expected to be slightly higher

The new halo product is the Core i9-9900K, Intel’s first mainstream desktop socketable processor to have the Core i9 naming. This is an eight-core, sixteen thread processor, Intel’s first in this product line. It offers a base frequency of 3.6 GHz and a peak turbo frequency of 5.0 GHz – which is actually a two-core turbo as we go into below. This is an overclockable processor, allowing users to push the frequency if the cooling is sufficient, and despite the memory controller still rated at DDR4-2666, higher speed memory should work in almost every chip. The Core i9-9900K also gets a fully-enabled cache, with 2 MB available per core for a chip-wide total of 16 MB. There’s also some integrated graphics, the same UHD 630 graphics we saw on the previous generation. This all comes in at a $488 suggested retail price, although no cooler is bundled.

The Core i7 now sits in the ‘middle’ of the set, but the Core i7-9700K is seemingly no slouch. Intel has done away with hyper-threading on this part, giving it eight cores and eight threads only, however it does have a base frequency of 3.6 GHz and a turbo frequency of 4.9 GHz. For this part Intel has reduced the L3 cache per core to 1.5 MB, which might have an affect on some software, but the processor is overclockable and features the same DDR4-2666 support as the Core i9. The $374 suggested retail price is a bit easier to digest for sure, with the user safe in the knowledge that no two threads are sharing resources on a single core. This chip will be an interesting comparison to the last generation Core i7-8700K, which has two fewer cores but has hyper-threading.

The Core i5-9600K suddenly becomes the baby overclocking chip, but still commands a $262 price, a few dollars more than the Core i5-8600K but in exchange for extra frequency and all the extras listed later in this article. For the money, this chip has a base frequency of 3.7 GHz and a turbo frequency of 4.6 GHz, along with the same DDR4-2666 support and UHD 630 graphics.

All three parts are the first entrants into Intel’s 9th Generation Core product line, and under the hood they feature a refresh of the Coffee Lake architecture we saw in the 8th Generation Core products. They are built on Intel’s 14++ manufacturing node, the latest node which prioritizes high frequency and performance. The key highlights of this set of three processors, asides from all being overclockable, comes down to what Intel has done under the hood.

Per Core Turbo Ratios

In our information escapades, we were able to obtain the per-core turbo values for each processor. Intel still classifies this information as ‘proprietary’, so does not distribute it. However Intel’s partners are more than happy to give us the information, given that it has to be coded into the system BIOS anyway.

The big uplift here is that 5.0 GHz turbo. In our Core i7-8086K review, where Intel was happy to promote that chip as its first 5.0 GHz product, the fact that the 5.0 GHz value was on a single core was actually a downside – no matter how we tested the processor, there is usually enough running on more than one core that no user ever realistically sees 5.0 GHz at all. We only ever managed to see it flick up momentarily while waiting at idle. But the fact that the Core i9-9900K now has it across two cores means that we are more likely to see this high frequency in our single-threaded testing.

More Coffee, Less Caffeine: Hyper-Threading and L3 Cache

All this aside, it would appear that Intel is also forgoing hyper-threading on most of its processors. The only Core processors to get hyper-threading will be the Core i9 parts, and perhaps the Pentiums as well. This is partly to help make the product stack more linear, and so cheaper chips are not treading on the toes of the more expensive ones (e.g. though unlikely, a quad-core with hyper-threading might outperform a 6-core without). The other angle is one of the recently discovered side-channel attacks that can occur when hyper-threading is in action. By disabling hyper-threading on the volume production chips, this security issue is no longer present. It also ensures that every thread on that chip is not competing for per-core resources.

One of the more interesting dissections of the new 9th Generation product is in the L3 cache per core for the different models. In previous generations, the Core i7 parts had 2 MB of L3 cache per core, while the Core i5 had 1.5 MB of L3 cache per core, and the Core i3 was split between some with 2MB and others with 1.5MB. This time around, Intel is only putting the full cache on the highest Core i9 parts, and reducing the Core i7 to 1.5MB of L3 per core. This will have a slight knock-on effect on performance, which when we get the processors will be an interesting metric to test.

Integrated Graphics

One topic that Intel has not focused on much in several generations (since Broadwell, really) is that of integrated graphics. All the chips announced for the 9th generation family will still have the same GT2 configuration as the 8th generation, including the new Core i9 parts. Officially these come under the 8+2 designation. Intel still believes that having a form of integrated graphics on these high-end, overclockable processors, is still a value addition to the platform. The only downside is the performance, and it won’t be winning any awards soon.

The graphics will still be labelled as UHD Graphics 630, and use the same drivers as the 8th gen family.

Coffee Lake Refresh: Learning from the GPU Companies

Intel’s 9th Generation Core family is built around the Coffee Lake platform, and as the processors have not had any microarchitectural changes, they are refreshes of the 8th generation parts but with the product stack laid out a little differently. For those keeping track, Coffee Lake was already a rehash of Kaby Lake, which was an update to Skylake. So we are on Skylake Refresh Refresh Refresh. Making for what's essentially the same 2015 core CPU microarchitecture now going into 2018 (and beyond).

Intel's Core Architecture Cadence
Core Generation Microarchitecture Process Node Release Year
2nd Sandy Bridge 32nm 2011
3rd Ivy Bridge 22nm 2012
4th Haswell 22nm 2013
5th Broadwell 14nm 2014
6th Skylake 14nm 2015
7th Kaby Lake 14nm+ 2016
8th Kaby Lake-R
Coffee Lake-S
Kaby Lake-G
Coffee Lake-U/H
Whiskey Lake-U
Amber Lake-Y
Cannon Lake-U
14nm+
14nm++
14nm+
14nm++
14nm++
14nm+
10nm
2017
2017-2018
2018
2018
2018
2018
2017*
9th Coffee Lake Refresh 14nm** 2018
Unknown Ice Lake (Consumer) 10nm? 2019?
Cascade Lake (Server)
Cooper Lake (Server)
Ice Lake (Server)
14nm**
14nm**
10nm
2018
2019
2020
* Single CPU For Revenue
** Intel '14nm Class'

Intel has promised that its 10nm manufacturing process will ramp through 2019, and has already announced that it will introduce Ice Lake for servers on 10nm in 2020, after another run of 14nm with Cooper Lake in 2019. On the consumer side, the status is still in limbo – with any luck, the next generation of consumer parts will be a proper update to the microarchitecture, regardless of the process node.

I’ve had an 8-Core for Years!

Depending on where you draw the line for ‘consumer’ processors, technically we have had 8-core Intel CPUs on the high-end desktop space for a number of years. The Core i7-5960X  was released in August 2014, and features eight Haswell cores on the HEDT platform, with quad-channel DDR4-2133 memory and 44 PCIe lanes at 140W. Back then, on Intel’s 22nm process, the die size was around 355.52 mm2.

Back when Intel launched the first Coffee Lake processors, the 6+2 die design of the i7-8700K was around ~151 mm2, an increase of ~26mm2 over the 4+2 design of the i7-7700K (~125mm2). Back then, that was a jump from Intel’s official 14+ to 14++ manufacturing nodes, which due to a relaxed fin pitch made everything a bit bigger anyway.

But if we take 26mm2 on the high end of adding a pair of cores to the die size, then we can predict that the 8+2 design of the Core i9-9900K should come in around ~177 mm2, or a 17% larger die size. At 177mm2 including integrated graphics, this would be half the size of the Core i7-5960X, although with only half the memory controllers and PCIe lanes too. Even with that, it’s a sizeable decrease.

Naïvely one might suggest that a 17% increase in die area might directly translate to a 17% increase in price. A 17% increase in the tray price of the Core i7-8700K puts it in the region of $420, whereas the official pricing is at $488 for the K-equivalent processor. Given how Intel bins its chips (one die can be sold for half as much as another), it is hard to say how much this $488 increases profit margins, although it is widely expected that it will.


Die sizes from Wikichip

If we look at die sizes of the top end chips, through the decade of quad cores the die size was actually decreasing, from the quad core of Nehalem at over 260 mm2, down to Kaby Lake at 125 mm2. It has now steadily increased as more and more cores have been added. It might be crazy to think that Intel would happily spend 260+ mm2 on a mainstream silicon die today on its latest manufacturing process.

Over on the next page, we’ll cover Spectre/Meltdown fixes and discuss the updates to Intel’s STIM strategy.

Pages In This Review

  1. Coffee Lake Refresher
  2. Spectre, Meltdown, and STIM
  3. Test Bed and Setup
  4. 2018 and 2019 Benchmark Suite: Spectre and Meltdown Hardened
  5. CPU Performance: System Tests
  6. CPU Performance: Rendering Tests
  7. CPU Performance: Office Tests
  8. CPU Performance: Encoding Tests
  9. CPU Performance: Web and Legacy Tests
  10. Gaming: World of Tanks enCore
  11. Gaming: Final Fantasy XV
  12. Gaming: Shadow of War
  13. Gaming: Civilization 6
  14. Gaming: Ashes Classic
  15. Gaming: Strange Brigade
  16. Gaming: Grand Theft Auto V
  17. Gaming: Far Cry 5
  18. Gaming: Shadow of the Tomb Raider
  19. Gaming: F1 2018
  20. Gaming: Integrated Graphics
  21. Power Consumption
  22. Overclocking
  23. Conclusions and Final Words
Spectre, Meltdown, STIM, and Z390
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  • eastcoast_pete - Sunday, October 21, 2018 - link

    Yes; unfortunately, that's a major exception, and annoying to somebody like me who'd actually recommend AMD otherwise. I really hope that AMD improves it's AVX/AVX2 implementation and makes it truly 256 bit wide. If I remember correctly, the lag of Ryzen chips in 256 bit AVX vs. Intel is due to AMD using a 2 x 128 bit implementation (workaround, really), which is just nowhere near as fast as real 256 bit AVX. So, I hope that AMD gives their next Ryzen generation full 256 bit AVX, not the 2 x 128 bit workaround.
  • mapesdhs - Sunday, October 21, 2018 - link

    It's actually worse than that with pro apps. Even if AMD hugely improved their AVX, it won't help as much as it could so long as apps like Premiere remain so poorly coded. AE even has plugins that are still single-threaded from more than a decade ago. There are also several CAD apps that only use a single core. I once sold a 5GHz 2700K system to an engineering company for use with Majix, it absolutely blew the socks off their far more expensive XEON system (another largely single-threaded app, though not entirely IIRC).

    Makes me wonder what they're teaching sw engineering students these days; parallel coding and design concepts (hw and sw) was a large part of the comp sci stuff I did 25 years ago. Has it fallen out of favour because there aren't skilled lectures to teach it? Or students don't like tackling the hard stuff? Bot of both? Some of it was certainly difficult to grasp at first, but even back then there was a lot of emphasis on multi-threaded systems, or systems that consisted of multiple separate functional units governed by some kind of management engine (not unlike a modern game I suppose), at the time coding emphasis being on derivatives of C++. It's bizarre that after so long, Premiere inparticular is still so inefficient, ditto AE. One wonders if companies like Adobe simply rely on improving hw trends to provide customers with performance gains, instead of improving the code, though this would fly in the face of their claim a couple of years ago that they would spend a whole year focusing on improving performance since that's what users wanted more than anything else (I remember the survey results being discussed on creativcow).
  • eastcoast_pete - Sunday, October 21, 2018 - link

    Fully agree! Part of the problem is that the re-coding single-thread routines that could really benefit from parallel/multi-thread execution costs the Adobes of this world money, especially if one wants it done right. However, I believe that the biggest reason why so many programs, in full or in part, are solidly stuck in the last century is that their customers simply don't know what they are missing out on. Once volume licensees start asking their software supplier's sales engineers (i.e. sales people) "Yes, nice new interface. But, does this version now fully support multithreaded execution, and, if not, why not?", Adobe and others will give this the priority it should have had all along.
  • repoman27 - Friday, October 19, 2018 - link

    USB Type-C ports don't necessarily require a re-timer or re-driver (especially if they’re only using Gen 1 5 Gbit/s signaling), but they do require a USB Type-C Port Controller.

    The function of that chip is rather different though. Its job is to utilize the CC pins to perform device attach / detach detection, plug orientation detection, establish the initial power and data roles, and advertise available USB Type-C current levels. The port controller also generally includes a high-speed mux to steer the SuperSpeed signals to whichever pins are being used depending on the plug orientation. Referring to a USB Type-C Port Controller as a re-driver is both inaccurate and confusing to readers.
  • willis936 - Friday, October 19, 2018 - link

    Holy damn that's a lot of juice. 220W? That's 60 watts more than a 14x3GHz core IVB E5.

    They had better top charts with that kind of power draw. I have serious reservations about believing two DDR4 memory channels is enough to feed 8x5GHz cores. I would be interested in a study of memory scaling on this chip specifically, since it's the corner case for the question "Is two memory channels enough in 2018?".
  • DominionSeraph - Friday, October 19, 2018 - link

    This chip would be faster in everything than a 14 core IVB E5, while being over 50% faster in single-threaded tasks.
    Also, Intel is VERY generous with voltage in turbo. Note the 9700K at stock takes 156W in Blender for a time of 305, but when they dialed it in at 1.025V at 4.6GHz it took 87W for an improved time of 301, and they don't hit the stock wattage until they've hit 5.2GHz. When they get the 9900K scores up I expect that 220W number to be cut nearly in half by a proper voltage setting.
  • 3dGfx - Friday, October 19, 2018 - link

    How can you claim 9900k is the best when you never tested the HEDT parts in gaming? Making such claims really makes anandtech look bad. I hope you fix this oversight so skyX can be compared properly to 9900K and the skyX refresh parts!!! -- There was supposed to be a part2 to the i9-7980XE review and it never happened, so gaming benchmarks were never done, and i9-7940X and i9-7920X weren't tested either. HEDT is a gaming platform since it has no ECC support and isn't marketed as a workstation platform. Curious that intel says the 8-core part is now "the best" and you just go along with that without testing their flagship HEDT in games.
  • DannyH246 - Friday, October 19, 2018 - link

    If you want an unbiased review go here...

    https://www.extremetech.com/computing/279165-intel...

    Anandtech is a joke. Has been for years. Everyone knows it.
  • TEAMSWITCHER - Friday, October 19, 2018 - link

    Thanks... but no thanks. Why did you even come here? Just to post this? WEAK!
  • Arbie - Friday, October 19, 2018 - link

    What a stupid remark. And BTW Extremetech's conclusion is practically the same as AT's. The bias here is yours.

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