A Broadwell Retrospective Review in 2020: Is eDRAM Still Worth It?
by Dr. Ian Cutress on November 2, 2020 11:00 AM ESTCPU Tests: Simulation
Simulation and Science have a lot of overlap in the benchmarking world, however for this distinction we’re separating into two segments mostly based on the utility of the resulting data. The benchmarks that fall under Science have a distinct use for the data they output – in our Simulation section, these act more like synthetics but at some level are still trying to simulate a given environment.
DigiCortex v1.35: link
DigiCortex is a pet project for the visualization of neuron and synapse activity in the brain. The software comes with a variety of benchmark modes, and we take the small benchmark which runs a 32k neuron/1.8B synapse simulation, similar to a small slug.
The results on the output are given as a fraction of whether the system can simulate in real-time, so anything above a value of one is suitable for real-time work. The benchmark offers a 'no firing synapse' mode, which in essence detects DRAM and bus speed, however we take the firing mode which adds CPU work with every firing.
The software originally shipped with a benchmark that recorded the first few cycles and output a result. So while fast multi-threaded processors this made the benchmark last less than a few seconds, slow dual-core processors could be running for almost an hour. There is also the issue of DigiCortex starting with a base neuron/synapse map in ‘off mode’, giving a high result in the first few cycles as none of the nodes are currently active. We found that the performance settles down into a steady state after a while (when the model is actively in use), so we asked the author to allow for a ‘warm-up’ phase and for the benchmark to be the average over a second sample time.
For our test, we give the benchmark 20000 cycles to warm up and then take the data over the next 10000 cycles seconds for the test – on a modern processor this takes 30 seconds and 150 seconds respectively. This is then repeated a minimum of 10 times, with the first three results rejected. Results are shown as a multiple of real-time calculation.
DigiCortex seems to fall into layers of performance, and the Core i7-5775C, with DDR3-1600, comes very close to the Core i7-6700K with DDR4-2133.
Dwarf Fortress 0.44.12: Link
Another long standing request for our benchmark suite has been Dwarf Fortress, a popular management/roguelike indie video game, first launched in 2006 and still being regularly updated today, aiming for a Steam launch sometime in the future.
Emulating the ASCII interfaces of old, this title is a rather complex beast, which can generate environments subject to millennia of rule, famous faces, peasants, and key historical figures and events. The further you get into the game, depending on the size of the world, the slower it becomes as it has to simulate more famous people, more world events, and the natural way that humanoid creatures take over an environment. Like some kind of virus.
For our test we’re using DFMark. DFMark is a benchmark built by vorsgren on the Bay12Forums that gives two different modes built on DFHack: world generation and embark. These tests can be configured, but range anywhere from 3 minutes to several hours. After analyzing the test, we ended up going for three different world generation sizes:
- Small, a 65x65 world with 250 years, 10 civilizations and 4 megabeasts
- Medium, a 127x127 world with 550 years, 10 civilizations and 4 megabeasts
- Large, a 257x257 world with 550 years, 40 civilizations and 10 megabeasts
DFMark outputs the time to run any given test, so this is what we use for the output. We loop the small test for as many times possible in 10 minutes, the medium test for as many times in 30 minutes, and the large test for as many times in an hour.
Here's where we start to see some of the benefits of the lower latency eDRAM out to 128 MB. That larger cache pushes both Broadwell parts very near to modern CPUs, putting all the older models down the list. This is something AMD's APUs aren't particularly good at, due to the very limited L3 cache in play.
Dolphin v5.0 Emulation: Link
Many emulators are often bound by single thread CPU performance, and general reports tended to suggest that Haswell provided a significant boost to emulator performance. This benchmark runs a Wii program that ray traces a complex 3D scene inside the Dolphin Wii emulator. Performance on this benchmark is a good proxy of the speed of Dolphin CPU emulation, which is an intensive single core task using most aspects of a CPU. Results are given in seconds, where the Wii itself scores 1051 seconds.
Unfortunately Dolphin isn't a fan of the eDRAM versions.
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dsplover - Tuesday, November 3, 2020 - link
For Digital s Audio applications the i7-5775C @ 3.3GHz was incredible when disabling the Iris GFX turning the cache over to audio, then running s discrete GFX card.Bested my i7 4790k’s.
Tried OC’ing but even with the kick but Supermicro H70 it was unstable as the Ring Bus/L4 would also clock up and choked @ 2050MHz.
This rig allowed really tight low latency timings and I prayed they would release future designs with a larger cache.
AMD beat them to to it w/Matisse which was good for 8 core only.
The new 5000s are going to be Digital Audio dreams @ low wattage.
Intel just keeps lagging behind.
ironicom - Tuesday, November 3, 2020 - link
fps is irrelevant in civ; turn time and load time are what matter.vorsgren - Tuesday, November 3, 2020 - link
Thanks for using my benchmark! Hope it was usefull!Nictron - Wednesday, November 4, 2020 - link
Which benchmark was that?erotomania - Wednesday, November 4, 2020 - link
Google the username.vorsgren - Wednesday, November 4, 2020 - link
http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=173...Oxford Guy - Thursday, November 5, 2020 - link
"The Intel skew on this site is getting silly its becoming an Intel promo machine!"Yes. An article that exposes how much Intel was able to get away with sandbagging because of our tech world's lack of adequate competition (seen in MANY tech areas to the point where it's more the norm than the exception) — clearly such an article is showing Intel in a good light.
If you were an Intel shareholder.
For everyone else (the majority of the readers), the article condemns Intel for intentionally hobbing Skylake's gaming performance. ArsTechnica produced an article about this five years ago when it became clear that Skylake wasn't going to have EDRAM.
The ridiculousness of the situation (how Intel got away with charging premium prices for horribly hobbled parts — $10 worth of EDRAM missing, no less) really shows the world's economic system particularly poorly. For all the alleged capitalism in tech, there certainly isn't much competition. That's why Intel didn't have to ship Skylake with EDRAM. Monopolization (and near-monopoly) enables companies to do what they want to do more than anything else: sell less for more. As long as regulators are toothless and/or incompetent the situation won't improve much.
erikvanvelzen - Saturday, November 7, 2020 - link
Ever since the Pentium 4 Extreme Edition I've wondered why intel does not permanently offer a top product with a large L3 or L4 cache.abufrejoval - Monday, November 9, 2020 - link
Just picked up a NUC8i7BEH last week (quad i7, 48EU GT3e with 128MB eDRAM), because they dropped below €300 including VAT: A pretty incredible value at that price point and extremely compatible with just about any software you can throw at it.Yes, Tiger Lake NUC11 would be better on paper and I have tried getting a Ryzen 7-4800U (as PN50-BBR748MD), but I've never heard of one actually shipped.
It's my second NUC8i7BEH, I had gotten another a month or two previously, while it was still at €450, but decided to swap that against a hexa-core NUC10i7FNH (24EU no eDRAM) at the same price, before the 14-days zero-cost return period was up. GT3e+quad-core vs. GT2+hexa-core was a tough call to make, but acutally both run really mostly server loads anyway. But at €300/quad vs €450/hexa the GT3e is quite simply for free, when the silicon die area for the GT3e/quad is in all likelyhood much greater than for the GT2/hexa, even without counting the eDRAM.
My Whiskey-lake has 200MHz less top clock than the Comet-lake, but that doesn't show in single core results, where the L4 seems to put Whiskey consistently into a small lead.
GT3e doesn't quite manage to double graphics performance over GT2, but I am not planning to use either for gaming. Both do fairly well at 4k on anything 2D, even Google Map's 3D renders do pretty well.
BTW: While Google Earth Pro's Flight simulator actually gives a fairly accurate representation of the area where I live, it doesn't do great on FPS, even with an Nvidia GPU. By contrast Microsoft latest and greatest is a huge disappointment when it comes to terrain accuracy (buildings are pure fantasy, not related at all to what's actually there), but delivers ok FPS on my RTX2080ti. No, I didn't try FlightSim on the NUCs...
However, the 3D rendering pipeline Google has put into the browser variant of Google Maps, beats the socks off both Google Earth Pro and Microsoft Flight: With Chrome leading over Firefox significantly, the 3D modelled environment is mind-boggling even on the GT2 at 4k resolutions, it's buttery smooth on GT3e. A browser based flight simulator might actually give the best experience overall, quite hard to believe in a way.
It has me appreciate how good even iGPU graphics could be, if code was properly tuned to make do with what's there.
And it exposes just how bad Microsoft Flight is with nothing but Bing map data unterneath: Those €120 were a full waste of money, but I just saved those from buying the second NUC8 later.
mrtunakarya - Wednesday, December 9, 2020 - link
<a href="https://www.mrtunakarya.com/?m=1">Nice<...