The Liquid Retina Display

Apple offers some of the best displays on the market, and the iPad Pro is arguably their best display available. What Apple calls a Liquid Retina display is a 264 pixel-per-inch masterpiece. The 11-inch model we are reviewing holds a 2388x1668 7:5 aspect ratio panel, while the larger 12.9-inch model uses a 4:3 2732x2048 panel.

There’s a lot that sets Apple apart from other manufacturers on the market. The company has taken display accuracy seriously longer than anyone outside of the professional field. The display in the iPad Pro is also a P3 D65 gamut display, but thanks to the color management system that Apple moved over from the Mac, it simultaneous offers near-perfect sRGB reproduction as well as near-perfect P3 reproduction whenever an app or image specifically says it's P3. There’s no compromise on offering the P3, and no need to change the gamut on the display to match different color spaces. It’s a P3 display where sRGB is properly mapped.

In addition, Apple’s iPad Pro offers their ProMotion technology, which means it is a 120 Hz display, but one that supports variable refresh rates in order to lower the display's refresh rate for power management purposes. The iPad Pro will go as low as 24 Hz, presumably chosen to match the framerate of most movies. Apple also carries over its True Tone functionality, where ambient light sensors change the white point of the display to make it more suited to the environment it is in. It’s one of those features you never really knew you needed until you see it in action.

The fully laminated display also offers Apple’s industry leading antireflective coating, which Apple rates at 1.8% reflectivity, improving the results outdoors dramatically over most devices, and of course there is a fingerprint-resistant oleophobic coating as well.

Apple rates the latest iPads at up to 600 nits of brightness too, so pretty much no matter where you are, the combination of the high brightness and the antireflective coating should make for a great viewing experience.

To test the display characteristics, we turn to SpectraCal’s CalMAN software suite, along with an X-Rite i1Display Pro colorimeter for brightness and contrast readings, and the X-Rite i1Pro 2 spectrophotometer for color accuracy readings.

Brightness and Contrast

Display - Max Brightness

Display - Black Levels

Display - Contrast Ratio

Under our test conditions the iPad Pro could not quite hit the 600 nits that Apple advertises, but at 500 nits it is still plenty bright. Couple that with the excellent contrast ratio of almost 1800:1, and things are off to a good start.

Grayscale


SpectraCal CalMAN

Display - Grayscale Accuracy

The average dE2000 of 1.43 is a fantastic result, but the gamma isn’t quite perfect, dropping off near 100% because the display was slightly too bright. Unfortunately, the red results were quite low throughout the entire range leading to a slightly cooler display white point, but this is all quite minor.

Gamut

First let’s take a look at sRGB:


SpectraCal CalMAN

Display - Gamut Accuracy

As you can see, the sRGB values are almost perfectly mapped into the P3 D65 gamut, and the average error level of just over 1.09 is simply fantastic. All of the primary and secondary values are close to perfect, except red which was a bit low at 100% red, as we saw in the grayscale results.

Next up, P3 D65:


SpectraCal CalMAN

As with the sRGB results, the P3 D65 gamut is also almost perfect. The beauty of color management means that there’s no work for the user to get the benefit of both P3 and sRGB.

Saturation

SpectraCal CalMAN

Display - Saturation Accuracy

The saturation sweep was run in sRGB, and as you can see from the graphs, all along all of the primary and secondary colors the error level is basically imperceptible to the human eye.

Gretag Macbeth


SpectraCal CalMAN

Display - GMB Accuracy

Finally, the Gretag Macbeth test is a more comprehensive test, hitting colors outside of the primary and secondary colors, including the important skin tones. The error level is practically perfect, with no single color even hitting an error level of 2.0.

Display Conclusion

The iPad Pro simply offers one of the best displays on any electronic device. Color accuracy is superb, in both the P3 and sRGB gamuts, and thanks to iOS supporting full color management, customers don’t have to worry about if they are working on a P3 or sRGB image. The addition of True Tone makes for an incredibly pleasing white point in pretty much any situation, and the 120 Hz display refresh rate makes for smooth scrolling, while stepping down to lower refresh rates to conserve power when the display is static.

GPU Performance Battery Life and Charge Time
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  • Hyper72 - Tuesday, December 4, 2018 - link

    There are definitely lots of use cases where it can't beat laptops but saying it's just a large iPhone is disingenuous at best. It's all about use cases and what the individual person needs.
  • MonkeyPaw - Tuesday, December 4, 2018 - link

    I think we may find out soon enough if/when Apple migrates to its own SOCs for MacOS hardware.
  • tipoo - Tuesday, December 4, 2018 - link

    Can't wait.

    Look what it trounces with barely any cooling. Now give it a less constraining OS and heatpipes and fans and let's see what it can do.
  • Spunjji - Wednesday, December 5, 2018 - link

    I disagree with you only in that I don't think Apple will ever want to add fans to this. Heatpipes, perhaps, but even then they've been tending on a "slimmer and lighter is better" trajectory for a long time. I imagine the first MacBook to run from a descendant of this SoC will be fanless and trumpeted as the lightest ever, silent, no dust issues, etc.
  • tipoo - Monday, December 10, 2018 - link

    Macbook and Macbook air, sure, go for it, but I hope the Pros retain active cooling, no matter how efficient the chip it still allows higher performance, plus with how GPUs scale with wattage for the 15". I hope they retain the 35W+35W chip setup and that should still mean fans.
  • ChrisH362 - Tuesday, December 4, 2018 - link

    In the article you mentioned “A more telling test, perhaps, will be once Adobe has ported over the full-fat version of Photoshop to the iPad, which is expected next year.” Instead of waiting on Adobe why not use Affinity Photo from Serif to perform some benchmark tests? The have working versions for Mac, Windows, and IPad. Their application works just as well, if not better in some areas as Adobe. https://affinity.serif.com/en-us/
  • MonkeyPaw - Tuesday, December 4, 2018 - link

    Affinity runs far better on my 2017 iPad Pro than my 2017 5K iMac. I can develop RAW on each, and the sliders are near instantaneous on iPad, but seriously slow on MacOS. Side by side, you’d swear two different developers made these apps, despite looking very similar.
  • tipoo - Tuesday, December 4, 2018 - link

    Sounds like a port thing, as this article demonstrates when going the other way things aren't perfect either. Affinity is mobile first.
  • thunng8 - Tuesday, December 4, 2018 - link

    That's incorrect Affinity photo was developed for mac and windows before the ipad
  • Spunjji - Wednesday, December 5, 2018 - link

    Which GPU does your iMac have? It's worth knowing as this may primarily be a function of performance scaling. You're asking the iMac to render 4x as many pixels as the iPad, and depending on your GPU it may be much less efficient than the iPad at moving that much information through its memory.

    Not arguing that performance is impressive here, just that the iMac may not be doing as badly as all that in comparison.

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