Spotlight

The other big feature of Tiger is its system-wide, fully indexed meta-data based search engine called Spotlight.  Apple best describes what now happens in Tiger to support Spotlight: "Every time a file is created, saved, moved, copied, or deleted, the file system automatically ensures that the file is properly indexed, cataloged, and ready for whatever search query might be issued..."

Because of the constant indexing of every file written to the hard drive(s) in your Mac, searches using Spotlight complete in somewhere between 1 - 2 seconds on a G5, and a little longer on the mini or on a PowerBook G4.  Compared to the "old way" of searching, Spotlight searches are virtually instantaneous and they produce far more relevant results.  The first time that you start up Tiger, Spotlight will take time to crunch away and index your entire drive.  This process ended up taking less than 20 minutes on all of the machines that I tested, as long as I left them alone while it was working (and less than 10 minutes on the G5s). 

To activate Spotlight is simple; the default keyboard shortcut is Cmd + Space, although you can configure it to be anything that you'd like.  If you're not a keyboard junkie, then simply click the magnifying glass in the upper right hand corner of your screen to bring up the Spotlight search box.  Interacting with Spotlight is quite possibly the least intrusive thing ever, especially given the power of the function.  Hitting "Cmd + Space" while typing this article opens the search box and switches focus to it; if I decide that I've made a mistake, I can either hit "Cmd + Space" again or hit "escape" and focus is restored to my original application. There's nothing that you need to quit and no headaches - it's seamless. 

The search box looks no different than a Google search box in modern day browsers; of course, with the exception of its distinct blue surrounding color.  As you type in your search query, Spotlight immediately gets to work - the results list is populated as you continue to type out your query.

The Spotlight search box expands to include the top hits of your search in any of the categories that you have told Spotlight to search in.  You can control the categories from which Spotlight will display results by using the Spotlight preferences pane. You can even configure how the results are displayed.  If you see what you're searching for in this initial list of results, you can simply scroll down to the item that you want and hit "enter" to open it, or you can select Show All to bring you to the Spotlight window.

The Spotlight window gives you even more options, such as looking at all of the results, how you want to group or sort the results, and even where you'd like to search.  It's rare that I have to resort to looking through the Spotlight window to find what I need (the top hits are usually spot-on for me), but when I do, it's very handy. 

As I mentioned before, Spotlight searches any and everything on your computer - documents, emails, logged chat sessions, images, folders, anything you want.  Even Adium X, my preferred IM client on OS X, gets searched; although it doesn't specifically support Spotlight, Adium X stores my IM logs as HTML files, which are then indexed and searched just like anything else. 

Spotlight's true power is in the fact that it is fully extensible - so application developers can harness Spotlight's power within their own applications.  Apple does a great job of this in many of their applications that are updated with Tiger.  Mail 2.0 now searches through all of your mailboxes using Spotlight - so the Find function is actually useful now.  Finder takes advantage of Spotlight in that you can now create Smart Folders that dynamically populate themselves based on search criteria.  For example, I'm horrendously bad at making sure that I keep all videos I download in one location; little ones that I don't care much about remain in my downloads folder, while others that I find particularly funny or worthwhile will be stored somewhere else.  I can now create a Smart Folder that is just for movies, so whenever a movie file is downloaded, created or edited, Smart Folder will update itself to include that movie file.  While Smart Folders may look and work just like folders, they are still just a display of Spotlight search results, and as such, you can't peer into them at the command prompt, for example. 

Spotlight will even search through System Preferences - just search for what you're trying to do (e.g. Dashboard keyboard shortcut) and a real-time spotlight effect will appear over the icons that contain options matching your search criteria.  This feature of Spotlight is particularly useful for beginners and folks who aren't as familiar with OS X System Preferences. 

My experience with Spotlight has been extremely positive. I never use search bars in anything else anymore - especially because it just takes one quick keystroke combination to bring it up and you can do that from any application.  The Cmd + Space keyboard shortcut makes a lot of sense and works very well even on the PowerBook, since my thumbs are naturally very close to those two keys. 

More than anything, Spotlight has become my number one choice of navigating through my file system or even navigating normally through most applications.  For example, I was reading through my emails on my PowerBook one day and I wanted to reply to an email from a person named Terri.  I knew I only had one email from her in my Inbox, but it was further down in my inbox - I'd just have to scroll to it.  On the PowerBook, instead of moving my hand down to the trackpad, I found it quick to hit Cmd + Space, type in "Terri", and then just arrow down to her email and hit enter.  It may seem like a lot of steps compared to just scrolling down, but it actually took me less time - it's that fast. 

You can actually add meta-data for Spotlight to search by adding "Spotlight Comments" in the info pane of any file. 

Spotlight is even usable from the command prompt; use the mdfind command to search for something and use mdls (a play on the Unix ls command) to display all of the meta-data associated with a particular file. 

There is one peculiarity with Spotlight that I've encountered, and that is that it doesn't seem to update its index as often as Apple would have you believe - at least not all the time.  The best example I have is while I was writing this article in Pages, I decided to try to search for two words that I knew were contained within the article - the phrase I used was "New Calculators".  Much to my surprise, Spotlight did not list this Pages document as one of the results.  I tried saving again, closing Pages and re-opening it, and nothing worked.  I even tried exporting to a Word document, modifying and saving it and still got nowhere.  Even a reboot didn't fix the problem.  I left my desk for about 30 minutes and came back only to find that the file had been indexed in the time that I was gone.  The problem wasn't regularly repeatable, so I have no idea what caused it, but for the most part, Spotlight seems to index and search the way it should. 

From a productivity standpoint, Spotlight is a huge feature - it really does change the way that you navigate and is especially useful on platforms where navigation is more of a pain (e.g. notebooks).  One thing I realized is that Spotlight is the type of feature that's tough to appreciate if you actually use it on a regular basis.  Before I started using Tiger, I craved the feature, but now that I've been using it on a regular basis, it tends to lose its initial excitement and becomes another tool that just works.  It's when you don't have Spotlight that you really begin to appreciate its power and potential.  The next-generation of applications designed for Tiger should hopefully take full advantage of Spotlight, making searching for anything on your computer just as easy and as accurate as finding something on the web. 

Tiger’s Finder Dashboard
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  • aliasfox - Monday, May 2, 2005 - link

    #31

    What you're forgetting is that in 1995-6, Apple wasn't losing money, it was hemorraging money. In 1995-96, Apple was irrelevant in regards to innovation of any sort. In 1995-96, Apple was selling PowerBooks with batteries (made by Sony, no less) that caught fire. When Jobs returned to Apple in '97, Apple's stock price hovered in the low teens.

    It doesn't matter all that much that Apple's marketshare hasn't grown as fast as the rest of the market (and yes, it is growing- Apple recorded most Mac sales in one quarter last month), in absolute numbers, it's not shrinking. And Apple is making money, which is more than Gateway (who has a bigger marketshare than Apple) can say.

    The goal of any company is to make money, regardless of size. In this respect, Jobs has succeeded. It doesn't matter if it was the Reality Distortion Field or if it was amazing marketing or if it was quality products that got Apple there.
  • downtowncb - Monday, May 2, 2005 - link

    #43 "The bottom line is that [recoding Mac OS software for x86] will not be a big issue for the majority of developers, as you had originally argued."

    My original argument (#34) said nothing about Apple switching to x86; you must mean #39 by melgross.

    I simply meant to state that Apple hardware and software work together to increase Apple's bottom line. Sorry if that was unclear.
  • msva124 - Monday, May 2, 2005 - link

    >If you want an example of an obscure motherboard, I believe that the TMC Ti5tv qualifies but perhaps not.

    How does the TMC Ti5tv require Microsoft OS developers to deviate from programming for the x86 spec as usual? You stated before that programming around obscure hardware causes development problems and bugs, and gave motherboards as an example. I will not waste my time contacting Microsoft, since they know as well as I do that your argument is an unproven hypothesis. A hypothesis that is contradicted by the stability of x86 Linux, and unsupported by any sort of scientific evidence or systematic testing.

    >Programs for x86 that use hand written assembly code or are othersiwe highly optimized would need to be redone. But whether this is "most" programs or not I don't know. Certainly not every single program, that is true.

    I doubt that even 20% of mac software uses any assembly language whatsoever. Within that 20%, it is typically just one or two heavily optimized loops per program, which would take little time to recode for the x86 platform. The bottom line is that it will not be a big issue for the majority of developers, as you had originally argued. In fact, that argument is so preposterous that I can only assume that your initial post and all subsequent ones were flamebait. I will not respond to any more of your posts until you can convince me otherwise.
  • downtowncb - Monday, May 2, 2005 - link

    msva124,

    If you want an example of an obscure motherboard, I believe that the TMC Ti5tv qualifies but perhaps not. If you need other examples of obscure hardware Windows supports, contact Microsoft.

    Programs for x86 that use hand written assembly code or are othersiwe highly optimized would need to be redone. But whether this is "most" programs or not I don't know. Certainly not every single program, that is true.

    If Apple isn't taking away from the Windows market, then which market is it taking away from? If we're talking percentages, something's got to give. Not that Microsoft's growth in terms of numbers of copies of OS sold won't outpace any such loss to Apple or whoever. I'm curious as to what you think.
  • Jbog - Monday, May 2, 2005 - link

    #39 melgross, you say Apple directly competes with MS on the OS front. You also say Apple has always had different hardware. Sounds to me it's more like Apple trying to come up with more appealing OS in order to sell its platform. I mean, you can't just buy Tiger OS and replace Windows XP.

    If any strong argument can be made, it would be between Windows and Linux instead. One can migrate from Windows to Linux without having to buy a whole new set of hardware. You can even dual-boot Windows and Linux.
  • msva124 - Monday, May 2, 2005 - link

    >If Apple were to change to an x86, then every program would have to be redone. That would be almost impossible for the many Mac developers out there .

    Most OS X programs are written in C or Objective-C, using the Carbon or Cocoa apis. Only those apis must be ported to the x86 platform, not every single program.

    >Apple's increase in marketshare takes away from the Windows market itself

    Right, except it doesn't.
  • melgross - Monday, May 2, 2005 - link

    #32 Most of what you said is ridiculous.

    First of all, Apple's market share is growing. Of course other platforms sales aren't Apples sales. But most other sales aren't either Apple/Sun, etc.

    This is mostly an Apple/Wintel market. Sun is only servers and Apple doesn't compete much in their space yet. Apple's server sales are increasing, but are only now ramping up. Except in the scientific Unix space, Apples server sales would be against Windows servers. They don't yet have the breath to compete in the higher areas yet.

    Otherwise, it's Apple vs. MS.

    Sure, other pc companies, or rather company (Dell) are growing, but that takes sales away from each other. Apple's increase in marketshare takes away from the Windows market itself. If Dell takes sale from Gateway, it's still a sale for MS. That's the point.

    I suppose that Apple is taking away a few Linux sale as well, but it's almost all MS's.

    All AMD did was to finally come out with better processors that they could actually make, rather than just announce, and then NOT make. While the 64 bit extensions was a little balsy, it's true, it didn't take away from their chips either. Even if it didn't go over, the chips would still have had the same characteristics as before. The extensions would not have been used, that's all.

    Apple does directly compete with MS on the OS front. Apple has always had different hardware. When Apple went to the 68000 rather than the 8088 way back when, there were few arguments that the 68000 was not a better chip. Apple simply went on through from there.

    If Apple were to change to an x86, then every program would have to be redone. That would be almost impossible for the many Mac developers out there . It's just like the Itanium. Little software development has been done for it. Why should Apple be caught in that trap?
  • michael2k - Monday, May 2, 2005 - link

    If you want to call it "RDF", that is your choice.

    I'm using Microsoft's publically announced information to compare Longhorn to Tiger.

    Nothing I've mentioned is 'rumored'. It's all been 'confirmed' by Microsoft.
  • WaltC - Monday, May 2, 2005 - link

    #33 "Um, you do know from 1985 until 1996 Steve Jobs had no presence at Apple?"

    I believe I said the better part of the last decade to begin with, as I recall...;) Yes, I know that he was originally fired/pushed out by the Apple board around '85 and went on to NeXt--which failed, btw.



    #33 "Release a simple, affordable, powerful, computer in 1984: Original Mac, which became a strong model of the computing industry for the next 21 years."

    Oh yes--I suppose that's why the board fired him in '85...;)

    33# "Release a powerful, modern, OS and computer in 1989: NeXTStep, which is now the foundation for Mac OS X and is now Tiger, and is AGAIN a strong model for the computer industry (Longhorn, Linux)"

    Both NeXt and NeXTstep failed commercially as I recall. The "foundation" for OS X was kind of forced into play, you know...;) And, it was years late and initially very lacking in promised features (many of which it still lacks.)

    #33 "Create the world's most popular mp3 player, the iPod, in 2001: It's a computer in every sense of the word, with a display, input, storage, and output functionality. It's 'revolutionary' status is because it was the first, smallest, fastest, highest capacity (all at once) device, though there were smaller, with smaller capacities, or larger, with larger capacities, and none with faster upload or UI in 2001."

    Sorry, but the iPod is *not* a personal computer. But that's RDF thinking for you without a doubt...;)

    #33" Again, as for why compare Longhorn to Tiger?

    Because everything Longhorn WANTS to do, Tiger does.
    Longhorn wants a DBFS, called WinFS, not due until next year. Tiger achieves 90% of that now, and by next year will be even better.
    Longhorn wants better search, to be achieved with WinFS, not due until next year, when Tiger has Spotlight now.
    Longhorn wants a 3d accelerated display layer, and is not due until next year. OS X has achieved that since 10.2 in 2002 (a small step with hardware accelerated compositing), now more fully implemented since 10.3 and 10.4 with 3d and 2d acceleration, and with even more to come by the time Tiger comes out.
    Longhorn wants a 'modern' UI, which is not due until next year, where OS X has had it since 2001, with each year bringing out more usability and functionality to the UI (Dock, transparency, animation, Expose, Dashboard, etc).
    Longhorn wants better security, again not due until next year, while OS X has it now, and since 2001
    Longhorn wants a shell and CLI, again next year, while OS X has had it since 2001

    You ask why we compare: I think it's stupid NOT to compare. Longhorn wants to be a 'next generation' OS, and it's prototype and model 'next generation' OS is available now, and has been for four years, in Mac OS X.

    We're not the only ones comparing. As I said before, Allchin of Microsoft has made direct comparisons, to Microsoft's detriment."

    Ah, yes, the RDF again...;) The truth of course is that *nobody knows* what Longhorn will be since Longhorn is a long way out. I see nothing wrong with a Tiger-x64 comparison because MS is *shipping* x64. Pretty simple, really.
  • superduperjacob - Sunday, May 1, 2005 - link

    Anand - on page 7 you say:
    "To remove a widget, you have to still be in the add/remove widget mode and just click the x that appears next to all of the widgets."

    If you hold down the option key in normal widget mode, the x appears and you can close the widget.

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