For an article like this getting a range of CPUs, which includes the most common and popular, is very important.  I have been at AnandTech for just over two years now, and in that time we have had Sandy Bridge, Llano, Bulldozer, Sandy Bridge-E, Ivy Bridge, Trinity and Vishera, of which I tend to get supplied the top end processors of each generation for testing (as a motherboard reviewer, it is important to make the motherboard the limiting factor).  A lot of users have jumped to one of these platforms, although a large number are still on Wolfdale (Core2), Nehalem, Westmere, Phenom II (Thuban/Zosma/Deneb) or Athlon II.  I have attempted to pool all my AnandTech resources, contacts, and personal resources, together to get a good spread of the current ecosystem, with more focus on the modern end of the spectrum.  It is worth nothing that a multi-GPU user is more likely to have the top line Ivy Bridge, Vishera or Sandy Bridge-E CPU, as well as a top range motherboard, rather than an old Wolfdale.  As time progresses I hope to obtain greater ranges of CPU speeds, core counts, and caches to suit almost all tastes.

The CPUs

My criteria for obtaining CPUs was to use at least one from the most recent architectures, as well as a range of cores/modules/threads/speeds.  The basic list as it stands is shown below, with the CPU.GPU on the left showing what we were able to test:

VIA
CPU GPU Name IGP   Socket C / M (T) Speed Turbo L2/L3
    L2007   Nano BGA400 1 (1) 1600   1 MB / -
AMD
CPU GPU Name IGP   Socket C / M (T) Speed Turbo L2/L3
    E-350   Fusion FT1 2 (2) 1600   1 MB / -
    A6-3650   Llano FM1 4 (4) 2600   4 MB / -
    A8-3850   Llano FM1 4 (4) 2900   4 MB / -
    A8-5600K   Trinity FM2 2 (4) 3600 3900 4 MB / -
    A10-5800K   Trinity FM2 2 (4) 3800 4200 4 MB / -
    A6-5200   Kabini FT3 4 (4) 2000   2 MB / -
    Phenom II
X2-555 BE
  Callisto K10 AM3 2 (2) 3200   1 MB / 6 MB
    Phenom II
X4-960T
  Zosma K10 AM3 4 (4) 3200   2 MB / 6 MB
    Phenom II
X6-1100T
  Thuban K10 AM3 6 (6) 3300 3700 3 MB / 6 MB
    FX-8150   Bulldozer AM3+ 4 (8) 3600 4200 8 MB / 8 MB
    FX-8350   Piledriver AM3+ 4 (8) 4000 4200 8 MB / 8 MB
Intel
CPU GPU Name IGP   Socket C / M (T) Speed Turbo L2/L3
    E6400   Conroe 775 2 (2) 2133   2 MB / -
    E6550   Conroe 775 2 (2) 2333   4 MB / -
    E6700   Conroe 775 2 (2) 2667   4 MB / -
    Q9400   Yorkfield 775 4 (4) 2667   6 MB / -
    Core
i7-920
  Nehalem 1366 4 (8) 2667 2933 1 MB / 8 MB
    Core
i7-950
  Nehalem 1366 4 (8) 3067 3333 1 MB / 8 MB
    Core
i7-990X
  Westmere 1366 6 (12) 3467 3733 1.5 MB / 12 MB
    Xeon
X5690
  Westmere 1366 6 (12) 3467 3733 1.5 MB / 12 MB
    2 x Xeon
X5690
  Westmere 1366 12 (24) 3467 3733 1.5 MB / 12 MB
    Celeron
847
  Sandy
Bridge ULV
BGA1023 2 (2) 1100   0.5 MB / 2 MB
    Celeron
G465
  Sandy
Bridge
1155 1 (2) 1900   0.25 MB / 1.5 MB
    Core
i5-2500K
  Sandy
Bridge
1155 4 (4) 3300 3700 1 MB / 6 MB
    Core
i7-2600K
  Sandy
Bridge
1155 4 (8) 3400 3800 1 MB / 8 MB
    Core
i7-3930K
  Sandy
Bridge-E
2011 6 (12) 3200 3800 1.5 MB / 12 MB
    Core
i7-3960X
  Sandy
Bridge-E
2011 6 (12) 3300 3900 1.5 MB / 15 MB
    2 x Xeon
E5-2690
  Sandy
Bridge-EP
2011 16 (32) 2900 3800 2 MB / 20 MB
    4 x Xeon
E5-4650L
  Sandy
Bridge-EP
2011 32 (64) 2600 3100 2 MB / 20 MB
    Core
i3-3225
  Ivy Bridge 1155 2 (4) 3300   0.5 MB / 3 MB
    Core
i7-3770K
  Ivy Bridge 1155 4 (8) 3500 3900 1 MB / 8 MB
    Core
i7-4960X
  Ivy Bridge-E 2011 6 (12) 3600 4000 1.5 MB / 15 MB
    Core
i5-4430
  Haswell 1150 4 (4) 3000 3200 1 MB / 6 MB
    Core
i5-4670K
  Haswell 1150 4 (4) 3400 3800 1 MB / 6 MB
    Core
i7-4770K
  Haswell 1150 4 (8) 3500 3900 1 MB / 8 MB
    Core
i7-4750HQ
  Haswell +
Crystalwell
BGA1364 4 (8) 2000 3200 1 MB / 6 MB
128 MB L4
    Xeon
E3-1280 V3
  Haswell 1150 4 (8) 3600 4000 1 MB / 8 MB
    Xeon
E3-1285 V3
  Haswell 1150 4 (8) 3600 4000 1 MB / 8 MB

Note: the indication on the left hand side is whether we have tested the CPU in terms of our CPU tests or our GPU tests.  In certain circumstances GPU tests were unavailable, but the CPU tests provide interesting data points.

This is Part 2 of our Gaming CPU series, with Part 1 covering a basic range of CPUs and a Haswell update covering the i7-4770K.  For Part 2 this is primarily an Intel 4670K/Nehalem update, whereas Part 3 of our testing will focus on the AMD side.  I currently have many AMD CPUs in house (Richland, Trinity, K10) and am on the request list for a few more (Vishera, more Richland).

The GPUs

My first and foremost thanks go to both ASUS and ECS for supplying me with these GPUs for my test beds.  They have been in and out of 60+ motherboards without any issue, and will hopefully continue.  My usual scenario for updating GPUs is to flip AMD/NVIDIA every couple of generations – last time it was HD5850 to HD7970, and as such in the future we will move to a 7-series NVIDIA card or a set of Titans (which might outlive a generation or two).

ASUS HD 7970 (HD7970-3GD5)

The ASUS HD 7970 we use is the reference model at the 7970 launch, using GCN architecture, 2048 SPs at 925 MHz with 3 GB of 4.6 GHz GDDR5 memory.  We had four cards to be used in 1x, 2x, 3x and 4x configurations where possible, also using PCIe 3.0 when enabled by default, although for this update we were limited to three.

ECS GTX 580 (NGTX580-1536PI-F)

ECS is both a motherboard manufacturer and an NVIDIA card manufacturer, and while most of their VGA models are sold outside of the US, some do make it onto e-e-tailers like Newegg.  This GTX 580 is also a reference model, with 512 CUDA cores at 772 MHz and 1.5 GB of 4 GHz GDDR5 memory.  We have two cards to be used in 1x and 2x configurations at PCIe 2.0.

The Motherboards

The CPU is not always the main part of the picture for this sort of review – the motherboard is equally important as the motherboard dictates how the CPU and the GPU communicates with each other, and what the lane allocation will be.  As mentioned on the previous page, there are 20+ PCIe configurations for Z87/Z77 alone when you consider some boards are native, some use a PLX 8747 chip, others use two PLX 8747 chips, and about half of the Z87/Z77 motherboards on the market enable four PCIe 2.0 lanes from the chipset for CrossFireX use (at high latency).  We have tried to be fair and take motherboards that may have a small premium but are equipped to deal with the job.  As a result, some motherboards may also use MultiCore Turbo, which as we have detailed in the past, gives the top turbo speed of the CPU regardless of the loading.

As a result of this lane allocation business, each value in our review will be attributed to both a CPU, whether it uses MCT, and a lane allocation. 

Motherboards
Socket Chipset Motherboard PCIe
1150 Z87 ASUS Z87-Pro PCIe 3.0 x8/x8 + PCIe 2.0 x4
MSI Z87-GD65 Gaming PCIe 3.0 x8/x8/x4
GIGABYTE Z87X-UD3H PCIe 3.0 x8/x8 + PCIe 2.0 x4
MSI Z87 XPower PCIe 3.0 x8/x8/x8/x8 via PLX8747
1155 Z77 ASUS Maximus V Formula PCIe 3.0 x8/x4/x4
GIGABYTE Z77X-UP7 PCIe 3.0 x8/x8/x8/x8 via PLX8747
GIGABYTE G1.Sniper M3 PCIe 3.0 x8/x8 or x16 + PCIe 2.0 x4
2011 X79 ASRock X79 Professional PCIe 2.0 x16/x8/x8/x8
ASUS Rampage IV Extreme PCIe 3.0 x16/x8/x8/x8
Gigabyte X79-UD3 PCIe 3.0 x16/x8/x8/x8
1366 X58 GIGABYTE X58A-UD9 PCIe 2.0 x16/x16/x16/x16 via NF200
ASRock X58 Extreme3 PCIe 2.0 x16/x16 + x4
5520 EVGA SR-2 PCIe 2.0 x16/x16/x16/x16 via NF200
775 975X MSI Platinum Power Up PCIe 1.1 x8/x8
P965 ASUS Commando PCIe 1.1 x16 + x4
FM1 A75 GIGABYTE A75-UD4H PCIe 2.0 x8/x8
ASRock A75 Extreme6 PCIe 2.0 x8/x8 + x4
FM2 A85X GIGABYTE F2A85X-UP4 PCIe 2.0 x8/x8 + x4
AM3 990FX ASUS Crosshair V Formula PCIe 2.0 x16/x8/x8
BGA400 VX900 ECS VX900-I N/A
BGA1023 NM70 ECS NM70-I2 N/A
FT3 A6-5200 ASRock IMB-A180-H N/A

The Memory

Our good friends at G.Skill are putting their best foot forward in supplying us with high end kits to test.  The issue with the memory is more dependent on what the motherboard will support – in order to keep testing consistent, no overclocks were performed.  This meant that boards and BIOSes limited to a certain DRAM multiplier were set at the maximum multiplier possible.  In order to keep things fairer overall, the modules were adjusted for tighter timings.  All of this is noted in our final setup lists.

Our main memory testing kit is our trusty G.Skill 4x4 GB DDR3-2400 9-11-11 1.65 V RipjawsX kit which has been part of our motherboard testing for over twelve months.  For times when we had two systems being tested side by side, a G.Skill 4x4 GB DDR3-2400 10-12-12 1.65 V TridentX kit was also used.

For The Beast, which is one of the systems that has the issue with higher memory dividers, we pulled in a pair of tri-channel kits from X58 testing.  These are high-end kits as well, currently discontinued as they tended to stop working with too much voltage.  We have a sets of 3x2 GB OCZ Blade DDR3-2133 8-9-8 and 3x1 GB Dominator GT DDR3-2000 7-8-7 for this purpose, which we ran at 1333 6-7-6 due to motherboard limitations at stock settings.

Our Core2Duo CPUs clearly gets their own DDR2 memory for completeness.  This is a 2x2 GB kit of OCZ Platinum DDR2-666 5-5-5.

For Haswell we were offered new kits for testing, this time from Corsair and their Vengeance Pro series.  This is a 2x8 GB kit of DDR3-2400 10-12-12 1.65 V.

The Importance of Data Testing Methodology, Hardware Configurations
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  • BOMBOVA - Sunday, October 6, 2013 - link

    a low cost raid controller yes, 64kb, 128kb, show the merit of raid 0, at 6 Gbs each, i was doubtful myself, but took the test of the device, for i need better video editing performance, at least it works :) now we have to watch out for the 12Gbs devices coming soon, imo for games, not much notice of improvement to be seen, but in big data transfers, sata 3 improvements, can be had for low costs. gl, trying it out, borrow a card to try, if you can, Cheers.
  • BOMBOVA - Saturday, October 26, 2013 - link

    fact is you can set to 32 K blocks, or 64K, 'only" , but is a true Marvel controller chip, in the Syba, and is on the PCI e buss. , Control M, sets the chipset, works rite off, is quick, but, there is a hint, that the lanes are only 5 Gbit second, still is a fine patch upgrade, on low cost 6Gbit second ssd's i am in for 2x120 ssd's and controller for 250,
  • R-Type - Friday, October 4, 2013 - link

    Results are typical for a variety of games where the resolution is set to 1920 x 1200. Games include Dirt 3, Civilization V, Guild Wars 2, Mechwarrior Living Legends, Diablo 3, Starcraft 2, etc.
  • augiem - Friday, October 4, 2013 - link

    I'm really kind of shocked to see how well Nehalem stands up still in many benchmarks. If you adjust the i7 920 benchmarks to make up for the difference in frequency between it and the 4770K, it's not half bad. I used the difference between the i7-920 and i7-950 to determine how the benchmark scaled on Nehalem. If it was close enough to linearly (+/- 1%), I considered it. I saw a 6% - 40% performance advantage for Haswell across the CPU tests, which is actually smaller than I expected for an almost 6 year old chip. (Obviously this includes differences in the platforms too.) Striking that even in 6 years the speed hasn't even doubled.

    I'm still on an i7-920@3.6, so this was very relevant to me. If it were 40% across the board, it might be more compelling, but quite a few were more like 15%, 20%, etc. Now I understand Haswell is going to OC a lot further than this one, so in that way you could get the performance diff up there.

    I'm just dumbfounded that this Nehalem has lasted me 4.5 years already and it still doesn't feel slow. On the one hand its great value for the money, but on the other hand its a little disappointing to see performance curve drop off like it has over the past 6 years.

    That would be a fun project. Make a graph showing average CPU performance increases over the last 30 years.
  • Genericuser1234 - Saturday, October 5, 2013 - link

    As interesting these chips are for getting maximum performance from the high w parts. Will you do an article about the low TDP parts that are the true masterpieces Intel makes. I live in Denmark and energy cost more and more. My PC is running almost nonstop and I am curious how well these chips perform in a gaming environment. How far behind are they on performance and what kind of power cost on a year based on an average workload / idle time are we talking about you could save. I find the low power chips to be Intel's true stars. Do more with less. Maybe even throw in a power house chip from 2 years ago for comparison. That would be an interesting article
  • agent_x007 - Saturday, October 5, 2013 - link

    Congrats to those who did testing part.
    Can't wait to see AMD added.

    Too bad Pentium XE 955/965 (ie. Presler B1/C1 @ 3,46/3,73GHz) didn't "cut it" for this comparson :(
    Hyper Threading and "Last of Netburst" legacy could be interesting in comparison with low end, fully-intergated setups, like VIA Nano or AMD Fusion.
    + There is also a possibility that todays multithreaded programs would better utilize the 4 threads of this kind of CPU, maybe to the point of matching Core 2 Duo's...

    Either way, to sum it up in two words : GREAT WORK.
  • khanov - Saturday, October 5, 2013 - link

    A good article, and nice to see an update now that new CPU's are out.

    Wouldn't it be nice if you could have all the benefits of X79 for multi GPU configurations, but without the added cost over Z87? Well actually you can, if you take in to account the quad-core LGA2011 CPUs.

    The i7-4820K is no more expensive than the i7-4770K, and motherboard costs are very similar too. So people seriously considering 3 or 4 GPUs might be very interested in this option, to gain the benefits of extra PCIe lane allocation without the extra cost of a hex core CPU.

    Ian, would you please consider adding i7-3820 and/or i7-4820K to the next update? It would be nice to see how well, or how badly, they fare against the competition.
  • MarcHFR - Sunday, October 6, 2013 - link

    Hi all,

    Sorry but i don't understand this review. What's the point of recommanding different CPU on the only basis of single/dual/tri/quad GPU ?

    First, the GPU power is not related to the number of GPU only, with 2x660 you get lower performance than 1x780, but if i read the conclusion for 2x660 you recommand FX-8350 but A8-5600K for 1x780 ?

    Second, for example with only a 7970 with a small CPU or a big CPU you get exactly the same performance on Sleeping Dogs 2560*1440 max settings. But what kind of player will keep a setting that offer 28 fps on such a carde ? None ! They will lower the graphic settings related to the GPU only to a point that they will get a higher framerate, like the 80 fps you get with three card.

    Whatever the number/power of the GPU, as soon as it's not a lower-end card, the CPU needed to get playable framerate is the same with a GTX 660 or 2xGTX 780 as soon as you don't use graphics settings related to the GPU that lower the framerate that can be sustained by the GPU under the framerate that can be sustained by the CPU.

    You can recommand different CPU to get more than 40/60/80/120 fps in some games (but good luck since integrated benchmark are generally not using the most CPU bound scene), but recommand different CPU for single/dual/tri/quad GPU seems a non-sense for me.
  • Majesticii - Sunday, October 6, 2013 - link

    Damn. How can you call this a CPU comparisson with data like this. The games are run at such extreme values that in no way they represent the impact of a CPU. Sleeping dogs is just 4 graphs with 28fps, how can any respected researcher show this data without severe shame. To add insult to injury, the vast majority seems to think this is how CPU tests are done and call it a nice review. Literally my heart sank as i read through these comments. Noone (except a few ignored), not even the reviewers has a clue what they're on about. This way of CPU-reviewing in games needs to stop. This isn't just uninformative, it's worse; It's completely misleading. Test games at 800x600 low settings, and pay no mind to those people calling for "real-world benchmarks". Stay true to what's real, instead of appealing to the community.
  • 3Ball - Monday, October 7, 2013 - link

    Forgive me if this is pointed out in the article and I have missed it, but it is worth pointing out. Battlefield 4 will use up to 8 cores/threads. My i7-860 @ 4.0ghz with hyperthreading is outperforming a friends Ivy bridge (3570k) at 4.4ghz without hyperthreading, so much so that my frames are better using a GTX680 against his GTX780.

    This could be the product of the "beta", but I do believe it is a sign of things to come. The new consoles are most likely going to influence multithreaded performance greatly considering the lower sinlge thread performance present in the systems.

    I have been planning on rebuilding with haswell early next year and was planning on getting a 4670k, but have now changed that decision to going with a 4770k due to this experience. Just my two cents. Cheers!

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