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AMD's Quad FX: Technically Quad Core
AMD's Quad FX: Technically Quad Core
Date: November 30th, 2006
Topic: CPU & Chipset
Manufacturer: AMD
Author: Anand Lal Shimpi
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Imagine for a moment you're at the decision making table at AMD; you are at least a year away from introducing an updated micro-architecture to refresh your now aging K8 design and your chief competitor just introduced faster and cooler CPUs than anything in your lineup. To make matters worse, this very same competitor enjoys a manufacturing advantage and has also announced that it will begin the transition to quad-core even earlier than originally expected, starting at the end of 2006. The earliest you can even hope to release a quad-core CPU is the middle of 2007. What do you do?

AMD's first move made sense, and that was to dramatically reduce the pricing of its entire lineup to remain competitive. Most computer components are not things you can buy and sell off of emotions alone, and thus something that performs worse must cost less. Through the price drops AMD actually ended up with a fairly attractive dual core lineup, although our similarly aggressive pricing from Intel meant that the most attractive AMD CPUs were the cheapest ones.

But what was AMD to do about the quad-core race? Even though Intel would release its first quad-core CPUs this year, less than 1% of all shipments would feature four cores. It won't be until the end of 2007 before more than 5% of Intel's shipments are quad-core CPUs. But would the loss in mindshare be great enough if Intel already jumped ahead in the race to more cores?

Manufacturing a quad-core Athlon 64 or Opteron on AMD's current 90nm process simply isn't feasible; AMD would end up with a chip that is too big and too hot to sell, not to mention that it would put an even greater strain on AMD's manufacturing which is already running at capacity.

With the 90nm solution being not a very good one, there's always the "wait until 2007" option, which honestly seemed like a very good one to us. We just mentioned that Intel wasn't going to be shipping many of these quad-core CPUs and the majority of users, even enthusiasts who are traditionally early adopters, will stay away from quad-core until 2007 at the earliest to begin with.

Then there's the third option, the one AMD ended up taking; instead of building quad-core on 90nm or waiting until next year, around April/May of 2006 AMD decided that it had a better solution. AMD would compete in the quad-core race by the end of 2006 but with two dual core CPUs running in a desktop motherboard.

Of course dual-core, dual-socket is nothing new, as AMD has been offering that on Opteron platforms for quite a while now. But the difference is that this new platform would be designed for the enthusiast, meaning it would come equipped with a performance tuned (and tweakable) BIOS, tons of USB ports, support for SLI, etc... Most importantly, unlike an Opteron system, this dual socket desktop platform would run using regular unbuffered DDR2 memory.

Back then the platform was called 4x4, and honestly it was about as appealing as a pickup truck. The platform has since matured and thanks to a very impressive chipset from NVIDIA and aggressive pricing from AMD, what's now known as Quad FX may actually have some potential. Today we're here to find out if AMD's first four-core desktop platform is a viable competitor to Intel's Kentsfield, or simply an embarrassing knee-jerk reaction.

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87 Comments - Last by yyrkoon, 1079 days ago
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Vista/64bit/NUMA by punjabiplaya, 1086 days ago
Are we going to see updated benchmarks with 64 bit performance and/or Vista and when there is a BIOS fix for the NUMA issues on the board (not the WinXP shortfalls as far as NUMA is concerned, Vista should take care of that)?
Just curious.

Reply
RE: Vista/64bit/NUMA by Nighteye2, 1086 days ago
I'm interested in that as well. NUMA will be an important part of 4x4 performance - so why isn't NUMA used in the benchmark, or at least mentioned. NUMA is the advantage of having 2 sockets - having NUMA disabled in this benchmark by using an OS that does not support it unfairly cripples the 4x4 performance.


Reply
RE: Vista/64bit/NUMA by Viditor, 1086 days ago
quote:

NUMA will be an important part of 4x4 performance - so why isn't NUMA used in the benchmark, or at least mentioned

Agreed...I think that one of the reasons that AMD delayed release of this so long is that they wanted to show it on Vista instead of WinXP. It seems to me that there would be a substantial difference between the 2...

Reply
RE: Vista/64bit/NUMA by Viditor, 1086 days ago
As a follow up on just how important NUMA is for 4x4, check out this review which actually compares the 2...
There is a DRASTIC difference between performance on XP and Vista!

Reply
RE: Vista/64bit/NUMA by Accord99, 1086 days ago
Most of the difference is running in 64-bit mode. The extra bandwidth didn't help the FX-74 in the megatasking bench. They didn't do any game benchmarks but based on past reviews of NUMA, the FX-74 will probably keep on losing to the FX-62 in games.

Reply
RE: Vista/64bit/NUMA by Viditor, 1086 days ago
quote:

Most of the difference is running in 64-bit mode

I'm not sure I agree...there's a 22.5% increase in performance there, and I haven't seen anything like that on the 64 bit version of 3DS Max before...
Not to mention that Vista isn't known as a real speed demon (quite the opposite) for these apps...
What the 64bit version does is allow for larger scene use and stability, not so much faster rendering.

Reply
RE: Vista/64bit/NUMA by photoguy99, 1085 days ago
quote:

I'm not sure I agree...there's a 22.5% increase in performance there, and I haven't seen anything like that on the 64 bit version of 3DS Max before...


Sorry totally wrong -

64-bit can make a big difference in performance depending on the app. Remember you can process 64 bits of data in a typical instruction instead of 32, so theoretically twice as much pixel data at a time for rendering.

Some apps may not show the full benefit it depends on how they are coded and compiled, but it's definitely a real potential for speedup.

Bottom line is 64-bit could easily account for a bigger performance increase than NUMA.


Reply
RE: Vista/64bit/NUMA by Kiijibari, 1085 days ago
quote:

64-bit can make a big difference in performance depending on the app. Remember you can process 64 bits of data in a typical instruction instead of 32, so theoretically twice as much pixel data at a time for rendering.


quote:

I'm not sure I agree...there's a 22.5% increase in performance there, and I haven't seen anything like that on the 64 bit version of 3DS Max before...


You see that he refers already to 3DS MAX .. I have not investigated this, but if he refers to it, then I trust him on that one ...

Futhermore I miss synthetical Sandra Mem bandwidth benches .. these should easily show what is going on there ...

Anyways a 4x4 review without mentioning the XP - NUMA problem is just not worth reading it ... Sorry Anand ...

cheers

Kiijibari

Reply
RE: Vista/64bit/NUMA by Anand Lal Shimpi, 1085 days ago
The performance deficit seen when running latency sensitive single and dual threaded applications exists even in a NUMA-aware OS (I've confirmed this under Vista). I'm still running tests under Vista but as far as I see, running in a NUMA-aware OS doesn't seem to change the performance picture at all.

Take care,
Anand

Reply
RE: Vista/64bit/NUMA by mino, 1085 days ago
One important question:

Are those new FX-7x CPU identical or is there some differentiation employed ???

Reply
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