Conclusion

If you plan to run DDR400 as your base memory speed with an 800FSB processor, your best memory performance will clearly be with four matched double-sided DIMMs. Our tests, confirmed by Intel White Papers, show these configurations ranked from fastest to slowest performance on an Intel 875 Canterwood or 865 Springledale chipset motherboard.


DDR400 (1:1) Performance DIMM Configuration Single-Channel or Dual-Channel
1 4 DS Dual Channel
2 2 DS or 4 SS Dual Channel
3 2 SS Dual Channel
4 4 SS/DS
Mixed Matched Pairs
Dual Channel
5 Any DS Single Channel
6 Any SS Single Channel

You can run mixed matched pairs of DIMMs. That is, two of one type and size and two of another type and size, but the performance can be significantly lowered. In our tests of mixed pairs, performance decreased 22% to 25% compared to four matched double-sided DIMMs.

If you do plan to use single-sided DIMMs, then make sure you run four matched DIMMs. A pair of single-sided DIMMs ranked third in our performance tests, and was almost as slow as mixed pairs.

The situation changes if you plan to run a 533FSB P4 Processor, or if you intend to run your memory at 333 or 266 Base (5:4 or 3:2 ratio). With a 533 CPU or asynchronous 5:4 or 3:2 memory ratio, the best performing memory configuration is two double-sided DIMMs. Based on Intel White Papers, memory performance with a 533CPU or 5:4/3:2 (333/266) is ranked from best to worst.


DDR333/266 Performance DIMM Configuration Single-Channel or Dual-Channel
1 2 DS or 4 SS Dual Channel
2 2 SS Dual Channel
3 4 DS Dual Channel
4 4 SS/DS
Mixed Matched Pairs
Dual Channel
5 Any 1 or 2 DS or SS
(1 DIMM or 1 in each Channel)
Single Channel
6 Any 1 SS Single Channel


While four DIMMs do not overclock quite as well as two DIMMs on an 875/865 board, we confirmed that the added memory bandwidth more than makes up for the slightly lower overclock with four double-sided DIMMs.

Now that we have determined the best Memory Configurations for 875/865 motherboards, we will look at the best performing high-speed memory in Part 2 of Searching for the Memory Holy Grail. Since we are still waiting for several new releases of DDR466 and DDR500 Memory, it will be several weeks until we can publish a reasonable comparison of the latest in high-speed memory. Stay tuned!
FSB Overclocking with 1, 2, and 4 DIMMs
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  • Anonymous User - Sunday, August 31, 2003 - link

    This single/double side/bank issue is very misunderstood. To further confuse things the memory manufacturers, who finally getting better about reporting full timing numbers, generally don't publish the side/bank count. I'd like to see an article that helps identify whose memory is really double banked, especially at the 256MB level, since its going to take 4 modules for best performance in an 875 system. Since many of these products are best available thru the internet, I don't have the luxury of looking at the modules before I buy.

    FYI, I'm also more interested in using well matched double banked components with low timings than in overclocking to the max.

    Mushkin has very low timing memory in a 512MB configuration that is double-banked, but it seems like overkill to put 2GB of memory for $800+ into the system at this point. (I also don't know how well the system would perform with this quantity of memory as I hear that more memory can slow timings down.) Their 256MB modules are single-banked unfortunately.
  • Anonymous User - Monday, August 18, 2003 - link

    I would personally buy the Mushkin PC3200 Level II Dual Pack located at this URL: http://www.mushkin.com/epages/Mushkin.storefront/3...

    It says that is is CAS 2-2-2 at 400MHz

    Unfortunately, Anandtech has not added Mushkin to their test products for any of these articles (not that I have seen at least) so I cannot verify the performance. I hope this due to Mushkin not supplying them samples before they complete testing and go to press. Otherwise, it is just a gross oversite by Anandtech not to include Mushkin. Whatever the case, Mushkin is a big name company with many supporters who will vouch for their quality. I am going to upgrade my memory shortly to these exact DIMMs so I feel comfortable suggesting them. 2-2-2 latency just sounds too good to pass up.

    Cheers,
    Wiley
  • DaveH - Tuesday, August 12, 2003 - link

    What about running slower RAM in the newer chipsets? Like PC2100 in 800 FSB?
  • Anonymous User - Monday, August 11, 2003 - link

    My personal SiSoft Sandra Memory Bandwidth UNBuffered test results on a Gigabyte 8KNXP (F5 BIOS) with a P4 3Ghz/800Mhz, ATI9800 Pro 256mb, SB Audigy:

    Mushkin PC3500 Level II Black
    4x512mb, 200mhz, 2-2-2-6, 2955/3017
    4x512mb, 217mhz, 2-2-2-6, 2850/2916
    2x512mb, 200mhz, 2-2-2-6, 2844/2862
    2x512mb, 217mhz, 2-3-2-6, 2423/2493

    Corsair TWINX1024-3700
    4x512mb, 200mhz, 3-4-4-8, 2724/2782
    4x512mb, 217mhz, 3-4-4-8, 2614/2723
    2x512mb, 200mhz, 3-4-3-8, 2610/2626
    2x512mb, 217mhz, 3-4-3-8, 2491/2542
  • Anonymous User - Thursday, August 7, 2003 - link

    Need help determining SS vs DS (Single side/bank vs. Double Side/Bank) - how can you tell, as the memory mfgrs don't usually say?
  • Rayalkj - Thursday, August 7, 2003 - link

    How similiar does the RAM have to be? I bought a Dell with 2x128 meg ram and want to up it to 512 megs. Do I need the exact same Brand? Just the same sizes? (ie. 2 more 128 meg sticks) Is there something I should look for especially?

    ... Yes, I am a bit of a noob at this stuff
  • Anonymous User - Wednesday, August 6, 2003 - link

    Would this apply to nForce2 Ultra chipsets?
  • Wesley Fink - Sunday, August 3, 2003 - link

    Regarding "Mixed Memory" configurations, the Best Memory Timings are the fastest timings THAT PARTICULAR COMBINATION WOULD RUN. So they are the best timings for that mix of Dimms. Mixed pairs - particularly widely different memory pairs - can take a very large performance hit in 865/875 boards. The reduction in performance is MUCH greater than we would expect.

    As was also stated, we have seen cases of 2 pairs of dimms from different manufacturers that match closely on capacity and timings that perform just as well as 2 matched pairs.
  • Anonymous User - Sunday, August 3, 2003 - link

    Re: "Intel’s White Papers address mixed memory
    configurations only to say that they will work,
    but they will default to the slowest speed and
    SPD timings of the mixed DIMMs."

    I wish I understood this. I am pretty sure that
    I don't. For example, in the first row of the
    mixed memory benchmark table the "best memory
    timing" is given as 2-7-3-3 but the 512 MB DIMMs
    are said to run at 2-5-2-2. Could it be that this
    column should be labelled "worst memory timing"?
    And suppose that the 512 MB memory was run at the
    slower timing, 2-7-3-3, instead of 2-5-2-2.
    How does that result in a 25% performance loss?

    I would really like to understand this so that
    I could predict what will happen when I mix
    memory timings, avoid really bad DIMM
    combinations and be able to use the not so bad
    combinations. So, can someone explain what it
    really going on here?
  • MS - Friday, August 1, 2003 - link

    I'll certainly run a few benches myself. It is really interesting that those guys who should know, that is memory and chipset manufacturers are lagging so far behind the "fanboy" community in terms of understanding how things actually work and what factors are really important.

    As far as your review goes, I am eager to see it, especially the acknowledgement (LOL)

    Michael

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