It will be several weeks until ATI AM2 retail motherboards are available. As a result ATI AM2 testing is confined to the ATI "Sturgeon" reference board. Somebody at ATI Engineering is apparently a fisherman, since all the recent ATI reference boards have carried fish names during development.

Whatever the reasons for ATI's delay in launching chipsets for retail ATI AM2 boards, ATI is not in a very good market position at AM2 launch. With the RD580 arriving months later than expected, at the end of socket 939 development, we really expected RD580 AM2 to be quickly out the gate. Instead NVIDIA has retail AM2 boards available from a host of manufacturers at AM2 launch and ATI is sampling a reference board.

As discussed in past reviews, reference boards are a breed apart. They are designed for manufacturer qualification, and rarely see the light of day in the retail market. The ATI reference boards are a bit different since Sapphire has marketed reference boards under their own brand name in the past. They are expected to do the same with Sturgeon.

Click to enlarge


Since the ATI CrossFire Xpress 3200 AM2 was designed for qualification, not much time will be spent on layout. Features, other than integrated chipset features, will not be an overriding concern. Additional features can be selected by manufacturers based on their intended market and price point.

Some notes from using the reference board. Loaded with X1900 CrossFire, there are still 2 usable PCIe x1 slots. However, there is no usable PCI slot if CrossFire is installed. Since users who spend over $1000 for video will likely want to use a standalone audio card, this would be a real issue in a retail board. Similarly, with CrossFire installed, the CMOS jumper is hidden under a video card with X1900 XT cards. ATI did users a great service in making dual-channel memory occupy alternate DIMM slots. This provides for much easier cooling of DDR2 DIMMs, which can become very hot when pushing for fastest memory timings.

Basic Features

ATI CrossFire Xpress 3200 AM2
CPU Interface Socket AM2
Chipset ATI RD580 Northbridge - ATI SB600 Southbridge
Bus Speeds 200 to 400 in 1MHz Increments
Memory Speeds DDR2 at 400, 533, 667, 800
PCIe Speeds 100 to 200 in 1MHz Increments
PCI/AGP Fixed at 33/66
Core Voltage Auto, 0.8V to 1.45V in 0.025V increments
CPU PWM Level 1 to 25 in 1 increments
VTT PWM Level 0.807v to 1.149v in .007v to .014v increments
CPU Clock Multiplier 4x-25x in 1X increments
DRAM Voltage 1.541V to 2.804V in .05v increments
HyperTransport Frequency 1000MHz (1GHz)
(Stable in overclocking to 1500+ HT)
HyperTransport Multiplier Auto, 1X to 5X
RD580 HT Drive Strength Auto, Optimal
HT Receiver Comp. Ctrl Auto, Optimal
RD580 HT PLL Speed Auto, High Speed, Low Speed
Radeon Xpress (NB) Voltage 1.143v, 1.201v, 1.260v, 1.299v, 1.348v, 1.406v, 1.455v, 1.504v
HT Link Voltage 1.143v, 1.201v, 1.260v, 1.299v, 1.348v, 1.406v, 1.455v, 1.504v
PCIe 1.2 Voltage 1.143v, 1.201v, 1.260v, 1.299v, 1.348v, 1.406v, 1.455v, 1.504v
SB Voltage 1.143v, 1.201v, 1.260v, 1.299v, 1.348v, 1.406v, 1.455v, 1.504v
GFX1/2 (PCIe) Link Width X16, X8, X4, X2, X1
GFX and/or SB Payload 64, 32, or 16 Bytes
GFX PCIe Link ASPM Disabled, L0, L1, L0 & L1
GPP PCIe Link ASPM Disabled, L0, L1, L0 & L1
GFX 0 and/or 1 Slot Power Limit 0 to 255 watts in 1 watt increments
GPP Slot Power Limit 0 to 255 watts in 1 watt increments
AHCP 2.0 (AMD Cool'n'Quiet) Enabled, Disabled
DDR Drive Strength (N) and/or (P) 0 to 8 in 1 increments
DQS Signal Training Enabled, Disabled
Memory Slots Four 184-pin DDR2 DIMM Slots
Dual-Channel Configuration
Regular Unbuffered Memory to 4GB Total
Expansion Slots 2 PCIe X16
2 PCIe X1
1 PCI
Onboard SATA/RAID 4 SATA2 Drives by SB600
(RAID 0, 1, 1+0, 10, JBOD) PLUS
4 SATA Drives by 2 Silicon Image 3132
(RAID 0, 1, 0+1, JBOD)
Onboard IDE/IDE RAID One Standard ATA133/100/66 (2 drives)
Onboard USB 2.0/IEEE-1394 10 USB 2.0 ports supported by SB600
2 Firewire by VIA VT6307
Onboard LAN PCIe Gigabit by Marvel Yukon 88E8052 PHY
Onboard Audio Azalia HD Audio by Realtek ALC880 codec
BIOS Revision AMI Build 15 - May 30, 2006


Reference boards are used mainly for qualification and development by board partners. As a result you will generally see very extensive BIOS options that may or may not appear on retail motherboards. An option of particular interest is the DQS Signal Training option which replaces a wide range of manual DQS skewing options for both memory channels. This worked well in our testing, and made it much simpler to accomodate different memory on this board than the manual skewing controls seen on some other Enthusiast boards.

ATI has aimed their discrete chipset AMD boards squarely at the computer enthusiast. This clearly continues with the CrossFire Xpress 3200 AM2. The range of options and features is the best so far on any ATI motherboard for AMD. This pays off in the tweaking options and performance of the new ATI RD580 AM2.

ATI SB600 Overclocking & Power Usage
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  • Stele - Friday, June 2, 2006 - link

    Odd that the board uses two 3132s to provide the extra 4 ports - probably for logistic and pricing reasons (easier to stock and better economy of scale when buying 2x one chip compared to 2 different chips).

    I say it's 'odd' because the 3132 was specifically designed to work with port multipliers, specifically their SiI 3726 1-to-5 drive multiplier. The 3132 thus has only 2 ports to save space and costs (for customers who only need 2, e.g. laptops). In this motherboard's case, instead of having two 3132s giving 4 ports, you could use one 3132 and one 3726 to provide (1 + 5 =) 6 extra SATA ports via the 3132, bringing the total number of SATA ports on the motherboard to 10.

    Indeed, this would probably be a useful combination: 4 from the SB600, 4/5 from the 3726 and the remaining 1/2 routed to the back as eSATA. For routing simplicity, I suspect board designers may keep all the ports from the 3726 in one cluster near the IC and hence as internal SATA, leaving the 3132's other channel available for eSATA.

    While we're on the SATA question, I'd like to ask if anyone has any confirmation about the RAID levels supported by the SB600. This is because on pg 2 of the AT review, it mentions in the diagram that SB600 supports, inter alia, RAID 5. However, on pg 3, the table does not list RAID 5 among the supported RAID levels.

    I then went to ATi's website to check out their own pages on the SB600. Interestingly enough, there was the same problem - the diagram was also there, showing RAID 5, but their own spec sheet does not mention RAID 5 either! So does the SB600 support RAID 5 or doesn't it? :P
  • Chadder007 - Thursday, June 1, 2006 - link

    I wish ATI and NVidia would get off of this Dual Card setup crap and get their act together and make a Single Dual Core video card, in the way Dual Core Processors are being made now.
  • Trisped - Thursday, June 1, 2006 - link

    That would be nice, but the power drain and heat dissipation problems would be un real. Then people would still want a dual card solution. I can see it now, you need a 1K power supply for your video cards and one for the rest of your system. Your video cards take up 6 slots and have fans that sound like a 1960s sports car. Your CPU has 4 cores and everything is over clocked 25-50%.
  • JarredWalton - Thursday, June 1, 2006 - link

    There have actually been several dual GPU cards released in the past, although all of them still require SLI motherboards in order to function. (The SLI requirement is due to NVIDIA's drivers requiring an SLI chipset in order to function.) As far as making dual core GPU -- like the Pentium D, Athlon X2, Core Duo, etc. -- there's actually no point in doing so. Graphics functions are essentially infinitely parallel, so rather than making a dual core G70, they could just make a 48/16/32 (pixel pipelines/vertex pipelines/ROPs) chip instead. Of course, that would require something like 600 million transistors, so until we start getting GPUs made on 65 nm aren't likely to see such a design (or anything close to it).
  • peternelson - Thursday, June 1, 2006 - link


    On MAJOR difference not covered is in useable PCIE lanes.

    The review talks about

    x16 graphics
    x16 graphics
    no useable pci remain on the reference board
    1x pcie
    1x pcie

    whereas the nvidia 590 solution offers much more including pcix4.
    This is important for people who want to stick in extra raid controllers or specialist cards.

    It would be good to highlight this shortcoming and whether it is purely down to the reference motherboard design or to the chipset not supporting as many lanes as the 590.

    Also you mention that nvidia are working on putting both x16 in some future northbride (which will be nice). Can you give any hints as to timing, naming, or if this will be dubbed "nforce 6"
  • Wesley Fink - Thursday, June 1, 2006 - link

    We are expecting a bit more information and we will then add this to our comparison chart.

    ATI RD580 AM2 has 40 PCIe Lanes - 32 for 2 x16 slots, 4 for interconnect between North and South bridge and 4 available for x1 x2, x4 slot(s). In addition the SB600 supports 6 PCI slots.

    nVidia has 46 PCIe lanes available with 9 links.
  • psychobriggsy - Thursday, June 1, 2006 - link

    This review says there is GigE in SB600, with a PCIe attached PHY.

    It also says that nVidia's dual GigE is via PCIe attached PHYs. PHYs do not connect via PCIe, they connect to a GigE controller (whereever it is located).

    In the case of nVidia, the southbridge has two GigE controllers integrated. In the case of SB600, there is no GigE controller, you attach it via PCIe x1, allowing you to use decent controllers, or crappy realtek controllers (making motherboard purchases have another thing to check).
  • Stele - Friday, June 2, 2006 - link

    quote:

    allowing you to use decent controllers, or crappy realtek controllers


    That's probably what ATi's thinking. There are pros and cons to both nVidia's ondie MAC and SB5600's lack of ondie MAC. By having no controller on the SB600, the chip cost is reduced while motherboard manufacturers have complete freedom to choose whichever controller they would like to include - Marvell, Realtek, etc. and single- or dual-port.

    The only downside is that you'd need extra real-estate on the motherboard, though arguably it's not that big a deal, especially if controllers with built-in MAC and PHY are used. After all, for dual-port networking capabilities that has server-like features like teaming and fail-over, manufacturers can just use such products as the very attractive Marvell 88E8062 PCIe x4 dual-port GbE controller - which some motherboards like the Asus P5WDG2-WS already do.

    Indeed, I'm hoping (dreaming?) that at least one of the top motherboard brands would use this controller in their RD580 solutions, but the fact that the controller is likely going to be quite expensive, along with the perceived lack of the need for such a high-end component would probably kill that idea.
  • Wesley Fink - Thursday, June 1, 2006 - link

    BOTH the ATI and nForce 590 use PHYs that connect to the chip and communicate over a PCIe lane. We were merely differentiating that the Gigabit LAN in both cases communicated over PCIe and was not connected to PCI. nVidia has 2 Gigabit PHY connections, while ATI has 1 Gigabit PHY connection.
  • peternelson - Thursday, June 1, 2006 - link

    He's right, the PHY (external or internal) connects to the MAC, which is subsequently connected to the pcie lanes. No pcie goes to any Gbe PHY.

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